Accipitrary: A falconer or
keeper and tamer of hawks.
Accomptant: An accountant.
Actoures: A manager, overseer, or agent.
Alewife: A woman who keeps an alehouse.
Almoner: An officer who distributes charity or alms (by
ancient law every monastery was to disperse a tenth of
its income in alms to the poor, and all bishops were
obliged to keep an almoner).
Amanuensis: Secretary or stenographer.
Apothecary: One who prepared and sold drugs.
Apronman: A laboring man; a mechanic.
Arpenteur: A land-surveyor.
Artificer: A soldier mechanic who does repairs; a
blacksmith; one who makes fuses, grenades, shells, etc.
Assessor: The person whose responsibility it is to
decide on the value of property and the rate of tax to
be paid, sometimes being the local sheriff or constable.
Aurifex: A goldsmith.
Backster: Originally, a female baker; later, a baker of
either sex.
Badger: One who buys corn and other commodities and
carries them elsewhere to sell; i.e., an itinerant
dealer between producer (farmer, fisherman, etc.) and
consumer.
Bagman: A traveling salesman; one who shows samples and
solicits orders for a manufacturer.
Bailie: Bailiff (in England, an officer under a sheriff
who carries out duties involved in arrests and
processing criminals.
Balestre: Female baker.
Balister: A cross-bowman.
Bandster: One who binds sheaves after reapers during a
harvest.
Banker: A laborer who digs ditches.
Banqueter: A broker or banker.
Barber-chirurgeon: A person who practiced surgery and
was a barber; a low practitioner of surgery.
Barker: A tanner.
Barkman: A bargeman.
Baxter: A baker.
Beamster: The man who works at the beam in a tannery.
Bedder: An upholsterer; one who takes care of the
breeding or birthing of cattle; a bed- maker.
Bellman: A town crier employed to make public
announcements in the streets.
Berner: A man in charge of a pack of hounds.
Besom maker: One who makes brooms.
Bibliopolist: One who deals in rare books.
Bibliotheke: A librarian.
Black-coat: Clergyman; parson.
Blemmere: A plumber.
Bluestocking: Female writer.
Bluffer: A landlord.
Bocher: Butcher.
Boniface: Keeper of an inn.
Boot-catcher: The person at an inn whose business was to
pull off boots.
Botcher: A cobbler; a tailor; an unskillful laborer.
Boteler: A butler.
Bounder: One who marks or sets boundaries.
Bowchyer: A butcher.
Bowyer: A person in the bow trade; an archer.
Brachygrapher: A person who writes short hand.
Brazier: One who works with brass.
Brewster: A female brewer.
Brightsmith: A metal worker.
Buck washer: A laundress.
Bullwhacker: A bullock-driver, one who drove bullocks
(oxen).
Burgonmaster: Mayor.
Burler: One who dresses or readies cloth for sale by
removing flaws, knots, or imperfections.
Burmaiden: A chambermaid or lady in waiting. (also Bower
maiden)
Busheler: A tailor’s assistant.
Busker: A hair dresser.
Cachere: A hunter.
Cadger: A person who carried caged hawks, falcons, or
other birds for sale; a packman or itinerant huckster;
(see Badger).
Calker: An astrologer or magician; one who filled up
cracks (in ships or windows or seams to make them
watertight by using tar or oakum-hemp fiber produced by
taking old ropes apart).
Cambist: A banker or one who deals in notes and bills.
Candy man: An itinerant candy salesman.
Cannaller: A person who worked or lived on a canal boat.
Canting caller: An auctioneer.
Caper: A cap maker.
Carder: One who cards wool.
Carter: A wagoner, stable headman, or charioteer.
Cartwright: One who made carts or wagons.
Cashmarie: One who transports fish from the coast to
markets inland.
Catchpole: Sheriff’s assistant or warrant officer who
arrests debtors; a bailiff.
Caulker: One who filled up cracks (in ships or windows
or seams to make them watertight by using tar or
oakum-hemp fiber produced by taking old ropes apart.
Causidic: Lawyer or attorney.
Chair bodger: An itinerant craftsman who mended or made
new parts for chairs.
Chaisemaker: A carriage maker.
Chambermaid: A female servant who attends to the
bedrooms in a house or inn.
Chambermaster: A shoemaker who works in his own home.
Chandler: Dealer or trader; one who makes or sells
candles; retailer of provisions, groceries, etc.
Chapman: An itinerant peddler or one who keeps a booth
in a marketplace.
Chareter: The driver of a charet (carriage or cart).
Charwoman: A cleaning woman hired by the day.
Chiffonnier: A wig maker.
Chimney sweep: A small boy or other small person hired
to clean out chimneys.
Chirurgeon: A surgeon (also Chirugeon).
Circuit rider: An itinerant preacher who covered a
specific area or district.
Clap-doctor: One who is skilled in healing the clap, a
venereal disease (gonorrhea).
Clark: A clerk.
Clerk: Clergyman, cleric.
Clicker: A merchant’s servant who would stand at the
door and invite customers into the store; a foreman in a
shoemaker’s shop; one who makes eyelet holes in boots
using a machine which clicked.
Clod-hopper: A plough-man or agriculture laborer.
Clogger: One who made wooden soles for shoes.
Coal-heaver: One who unloaded coal from ships.
Cobbler: A shoemaker.
Codman: A fish seller.
Cogmen: Men who bought and sold a coarse cloth called
cogware.
Cohen: A priest.
Collier: A coal miner or coal merchant.
Colporteur: A peddler of books.
Confectionery: A maker of sweets; sometimes,one who
makes medicines or poisons.
Connor: One who tests, examines, or inspects.
Cooper: One who made and repaired wooden vessels formed
of staves and hoops; a barrel maker.
Cordwainer: A shoemaker who worked in cordovan leathers.
Costermonger: A seller of apples; a fruiterer,
especially in the open street.
Coster-wife: A woman who sells fruit from an open stall
in the street.
Cotton factor: One who buys and sells cotton.
Cotton manies: Those who work in cotton factories.
Counter jumper: A clerk or shopkeepers assistant.
Couper: One who barters, deals, or buys and sells.
Couranteer: A journalist, reporter, or newspaper
publisher.
Cowherd: A cow keeper; one who tends cows.
Coxswain: A helmsman of a boat having charge of the boat
and crew.
Cracker boy: A boy employed to clean and sort slate and
other impurities from the coal crushed by the crackers
(machines that crush anthracite coal).
Cramer: A peddler who sold books in the marketplace; a
hawker.
Crimp: One who impresses (forcibly) men into the navy.
Crocheteur: A porter.
Crocker: A potter.
Crowner: A coroner.
Culler: A town official appointed to inspect fish.
Curate: A deputy of a rector or vicar.
Curer: One who cures tobacco.
Currier: One who dresses the coat of a horse with a
currycomb; a craftsman who treats animal skins with oil
or grease.
Cushion thumper: A Methodist preacher who indulges in
animated actions during his sermon.
Cutler: One who makes, deals, and sharpens knives,
scissors, and other cutting instruments.
Day laborer: A man who worked on a hire-by-the-day
basis.
Deathsman: An executioner.
Departer: A gold or silver refiner.
Dey: A woman in charge of a dairy; a female servant.
Dey-wife: A dairywoman.
Diker: One who builds dikes or digs ditches or trenches.
Docker: A stevedore (a dock worker who loads and unloads
cargo).
Dock-walloper: A laborer working on docks and wharfs.
Dog leech: A veterinarian.
Domesman: A judge.
Dowser: One who finds water using a rod or witching
stick.
Dragoon: Heavily armed, mounted infantryman.
Draper: A maker of woolen cloth, later a dealer in
cloths or dry goods of all kinds.
Drayman: One who drives a dray (a vehicle, such as a
sled or cart, without wheels or fixed sides, used for
dragging wood, turf, etc.), often used in connection
with a brewery.
Dresser: A surgeon’s assistant in a hospital.
Drover: One who drives cattle, sheep, etc. to market; a
dealer in cattle.
Drugger: A druggist.
Drummer: A commercial traveler or salesman who sometimes
used a drum to attract attention to his wares.
Drysalter: One who deals in salted or dried meats,
pickles, sauces, chemicals, and dyes.
Duffer: A peddler or hawker who sells cheap or trashy
goods.
Dustman: A janitor or garbageman.
Dustyfoot: A traveling peddler.
Earer: A ploughman.
Earth stopper: A person employed to ‘stop up’ fox holes.
Eggler: A person who deals in eggs and poultry.
Empresario: A man who performed a specific deed, such as
importing a certain number of settlers, in return for
land grants and power.
Essence peddler: One who sold medicines, flavorings,
elixirs, etc.
Estafette: A mounted messenger or courier.
Faber: Artisan; workman; smith; carpenter.
Factor: A commissioned agent; one who sells goods for
another in his own name and receives a commission.
Fagot: A person hired to take the place of another in
roll call or muster.
Fancy man: A man who lives upon the earnings of a
prostitute; a pimp.
Fancy woman: A mistress or a prostitute.
Fanner: One who winnows (separates the chaff from the
grain by means of air movement) grain with a fan.
Farrier: A blacksmith, one who shoes horses.
Faulkner: A falconer.
Feller: A woodcutter.
Fell monger: A dealer in animal skins and hides,
especially sheepskin; one who removes hair or wool from
hides in preparation for leather making.
Ferrer: A smith who works in iron.
Fever: Blacksmith.
Fewterer: One who tends to greyhounds; an attendant.
Fish fag: A woman who sells fish.
Fitter: A coal broker who represents a particular mine.
Flesher: A butcher; one who works in a tannery.
Flesh monger: One who deals in flesh; a pimp.
Fletcher: A maker of and dealer in bows and arrows.
Fogger: A peddler who carries small wares from village
to village; a low-class lawyer; a middleman in the nail
and chain trade; an agricultural laborer who feeds
cattle.
Foot-maiden: A female attendant.
Foot man: A servant who would run errands among his
other duties.
Fripperer: One who buys and sells old clothes.
Friseur: A hair dresser.
Fulker: A pawnbroker or money lender.
Fuller: One who fulls cloth; one who shrinks and
thickens woolen cloth by moistening, heating, and
pressing; one who cleans and finishes cloth.
Funambulist: A tightrope walker or dancer.
Furner: A baker; one in charge of the ovens.
Furrier: One who buys, sells, and/or makes furs.
Gangsman: A foreman; a dock-porter.
Ganneker: An alehouse keeper.
Gaoler: A jailer.
Garthman: One who owned or worked in a fish-garthe (a
dam in a river for catching fish); a yardman or
herdsman.
Ginour: An engineer.
Girdler: One who makes girdles.
Glazier: A glass cutter, a glassman; a person who glazes
pottery, paper, etc.
Goldsmith: A banker; one who deals in articles made of
gold; a craftsman who makes vessels and ornaments of
gold.
Goose herder: An itinerant tailor.
Graduate: A physician.
Grafter: A notary or scrivener.
Grainer: One who produced artificial grain in wood.
Granger: A farmer, bailiff, or steward of a farm.
Graver: One who carves or engraves letters or figures in
stone.
Grazier: One who pastures and raises cattle for market.
Greave: A baliff, foreman, or sheriff.
Green-grocer: A retailer of greens.
Grimgribber: A lawyer.
Groover: A miner.
Haberdasher: A person who sells men’s furnishings, such
as hats, shirts, neckties, handkerchiefs, gloves, etc.
Hacker: One who makes or uses hoes, mattocks, etc.
Hackney: A hired menial worker.
Haggler: A huckster.
Hand woman: A midwife; a female attendant.
Harmer-beck A constable.
Hatcheler: One who cleans or dresses flax.
Hawker: An itinerant peddler or huckster (see badger).
Haymonger: A dealer in hay.
Hayward: An official in charge of public fencing and
impounding stray animals.
Headsman: An executioner; in a colliery, one who removes
the coal from the workings to the tramway.
Headswoman: A midwife.
Hedge-priest: An illiterate or uneducated priest.
Hellier: A tiler or slater.
Hempheckler: A flax dresser.
Henter A thief.
Higger: A person who peddles merchandise.
Higgler: An itinerant dealer who carries his wares on
his back.
Highwayman A robber who works the public roads.
Hillier: A roof tiler.
Hind: A farm laborer, household or domestic servant.
Hired man: A gardener; stableman; farmhand.
Hobbler: A soldier on horseback; one who tows a boat
with a rope along a river bank.
Hodman: A mason’s helper.
Hoofer: A professional dancer.
Hooker: A reaper.
Hooper: A cooper, one who puts the hoops on casks,
barrels, or tubs.
Horse coper: A horse dealer or breeder.
Horse knave: A groom.
Horse leech: A veterinarian; a farrier or beggar.
Hosteler: One who receives and lodges guests.
Hostler: A stableman or groom; one who services railroad
engines.
Housewright: A house builder.
Howdy wife: A midwife.
Huckster: A peddler or salesman of small wares (see
badger).
Husbandman: A farmer who cultivated the land; a master
of a family.
Iceman: An ice dealer; one who delivers ice to
customers.
Impressed seaman: Seamen impressed (forced) into service
on foreign ships.
Indentured servant: A servant who sold himself to a
master for a period of time (usually 4 to 7 years) in
order to pay for passage to another country. The
contract was transferable, saleable, and was passed on
to heirs if the master died.
Innholder: An innkeeper.
Intelligencer: A spy.
Ironmaster: The owner or manager of an iron foundry.
Jagger: A fish peddler; a carrier, carter, peddler or
hawker; in mining, a man who carries ore on a pack-horse
from a mine to the smelter; a boy who has charge of the
jags or train or trucks in a coal mine.
Jarvey: A person who drives a hackney coach.
Joiner: A skilled carpenter who does interior finish
work.
Jongleur: An itinerant minstrel.
Journeyman: One who had served his apprenticeship and
mastered his craft, not bound to serve a master, but
hired by the day.
Jouster: Hawker or peddler of fish.
Jumper: One who delivers packages or messages from a
delivery truck.
Kedger: A fisherman, or one who peddles fish.
Keeler: A bargeman.
Kempster: A wool comber.
Knacker: One who makes harnesses; one who buys old
horses and sells the flesh for dog meat, etc.; one who
buys and wrecks old houses and sell the various parts.
Knockknobbler: The person whose duty it was for chasing
dogs out of church if they became a nuisance.
Laborer: A man who owns no real estate and works for
wages.
Lacewoman: A lady’s maid.
Lands jobber: One who buys land on speculation and sells
it to others.
Landsman: An inexperienced sailor.
Lardner: A keeper of the cupboard.
Laster: One who works or shapes shoes on a last; a
shoemaker.
Lattener: A maker of or worker in latten (a mixed metal
of yellow color, either identical with or closely
resembling brass).
Launder: A person who washes linen.
Lavender: A washerwoman.
Leche: A physician; leech.
Lederer: A leather maker.
Leech: A physician.
Legerdemainist: A magician.
Leightonward: A gardener.
Lighterman: One who owns or
is employed on a lighter (a large flat-bottomed barge
used to unload and load ships where the water is too
shallow for the ships to dock).
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Linener: A linen draper;
shirtmaker.
Litster: A dyer; one who dyes fabrics.
Loadsman: A pilot of a ship or boat.
Loblolly boy: A ship’s doctor assistant.
Lodesman: A ship’s pilot or steersman.
Lombard: A banker (named after the money lenders of
Lombardy).
Longshoreman: A stevedore (one who works on the
waterfront loading and unloading ships).
Loresman: A teacher.
Lorimer: A maker of bits and metal mounting for horse
bridles, generally a maker of small ironware and a
worker in wrought iron.
Lormer: A maker of horse gear.
Lungs: A servant whose duty was to blow the fire of an
alchemist.
Malender: A farmer.
Maltster: A brewer, one who makes or deal in malt.
Manciple: A steward.
Mantuamaker: A dressmaker.
Mason: A bricklayer; a stonecutter; one who works with
stone or brick.
Meader: A mower.
Medicine peddler: An itinerant salesman who dealt in
herbs, elixirs, pills, etc. which were bought in large
batches and sold under his own label.
Menage-man: An itinerant vendor who sells goods to be
paid for in installments.
Mercer: A person who deals in costly fabrics, especially
silks.
Meterer: A poet.
Miller: One who owns or operates a flour mill.
Millpeck: One who sharpens mill stones.
Millwright: One who plans and builds mills or mill
machinery.
Mint master: One who issued local currency; one who
invents or fabricates.
Monger: A seller of goods (ale, fish, etc.).
Mixer: A bartender.
Money-schrivener: A person who raises money for others.
Moulder: One who makes moulds for casting or one who
moulds clay into brick.
Mountebank: One who mounts a bench or stage in the
market or other public place, boasts of his skill in
curing diseases, and vends medicines which he pretends
are infallible remedies.
Mudlark: One who cleans sewers.
Muggler: A seller of crockery (see pigman).
Muleskinner: A teamster, a mule driver.
Muleteer: One who drives a team of mules.
Multurer: A miller.
Musiker: A musician.
Napier: A maker of linen .
Navigator: A laborer digging canals and, later,
railways.
Neatherder: One who herds cows.
Nedeller: One who makes needles.
Night-magistrate: A constable.
Nimgimmer: A doctor, surgeon, or apothecary.
Nob-thatcher: One who made wigs.
Noterer: A notary.
Orfever: A goldsmith.
Osteopath: One who practices osteopathy.
Ostreger: A keeper of goshawks.
Out-crier: An auctioneer.
Packers: One who packs goods for preservation, such as
pickles or herring.
Page: Boy-servant or youth training for knighthood.
Paling man: One who deals in eels.
Pannier man: One who hawks fish; one who conveys his
goods to market in panniers (wicker baskets used for
carrying loads on a mule or horse).
Pantler: A butler.
Parker: One who keeps a park; a caretaker.
Pasteler: A pastry maker.
Pastor: A shepherd or herdsman.
Pattern maker: A maker of a clog shod with an iron ring
(a clog was a wooden pole with a pattern cut into the
end).
Peager: A toll-keeper.
Pedagogue: A teacher.
Pedant: A teacher.
Peddler: A person who travels from place to place
selling small goods.
Peeler: A policeman (named after Sir Robert Peel who
established the Irish police force and reorganized the
London force).
Perambulator: A surveyor.
Peripatetic: An itinerant philosopher.
Peregrinator: An itinerant wanderer.
Perruguier: A wig maker.
Peruker: A wig maker.
Pessoner: A fishmonger.
Peterman: A fisherman.
Pettifogger: A shyster lawyer; a small time lawyer
retained by a small or mean business.
Pharmacopoeist: A person who sells medicines; an
apothecary.
Pigman: A crockery dealer.
Pikeman: A miller’s assistant.
Pilot: One licensed to steer ships through difficult
waters.
Pinder: A person whose duty is to catch and confine
stray animals.
Piner: A pioneer; a laborer.
Piper: An innkeeper.
Pitman: A coal miner; one who works in a pit.
Plough jogger: A plowman.
Plowman: A farm worker; a husbandman.
Plowright: One who makes or repairs plows.
Plumber: One who applied sheet lead for roofing and set
lead frames for plain or stained glass window.
Plum bum man: A plumber; one who works with lead pipe.
Pole man: A surveyor’s assistant.
Porter: A door keeper.
Postilion: A man who waited for coaches and wagons to
help them up steep hills by attaching extra horses.
Post rider: One who carries mail over a post road.
Potter: One who makes or peddles pottery or earthenware
vessels.
Poulter: One who deals in poultry.
Powder monkey: A boy who carried gunpowder from the
magazine to the guns on a man-of-war.
Predicator: A preacher; a preaching friar.
Prentiss: An apprentice.
Prestidigitator: A magician; a juggler; one who juggles
words.
Pricker: A light horseman; a witch-finder.
Prick louise: A tailor (contemptuous).
Proctor: One who represents another person’s cause in a
civil or ecclesiastical court; a magistrate of a
university.
Professional mourner: One paid to mourn at a funeral or
wake.
Prothonotary: Chief notary or law clerk; a registrar or
head of a court.
Publican: An innkeeper or tavern keeper; a person who
collects fees of any kind such as tithes, tolls,
tribute, customs, etc.
Puddler: A wrought iron worker.
Puffer: A person who attends auctions with the purpose
of offering bids to run up the price.
Puggard: A thief.
Punky: A chimney sweeper.
Quarrier: A quarry worker.
Quarryman: One who works in a quarry; a quarrier.
Quest monger: One whose business is to conduct inquests.
Ratoner: A rat catcher.
Registrar: An official who registers/records events such
as land transactions, probates, births, deaths, etc.
Revenuer: A federal officer whose duty it was to enforce
laws against distilling untaxed liquor.
Rigger: Hoist tackle worker; one who worked with the
rigging of a ship.
Ripper: A seller of fish; one who brings fish inland to
the market.
River man: Unlicensed employee of a river boat, such as
agent, barker, bartender, clerk, cook, deck hand, and so
on – usually does not refer to the owner, master, mate,
or pilot, however it is not always the case.
River workers: Itinerant workers with varied occupations
such as grist miller, blacksmith, entertainer, or
trader, who took to river travel and plied their trade
as they went.
Road agent: A surveyor; a highwayman on stagecoach
routes.
Rodman: A surveyor’s assistant who carried a leveling
rod.
Roper: A maker of rope or nets.
Rounder: A Methodist circuit preacher.
Rover: An archer.
Saddler: One who makes, repairs or sells saddles or
other furnishings for horses.
Saloonist: A saloon keeper.
Salter: A maker of and dealer in salt; a dry-salter.
Sandesman: A messenger, envoy, ambassador.
Sandwich man: One who advertises by wearing two boards
over his shoulders, one in front and one in back, with
displays printed on them.
Sappers and miners: Soldiers who belonged to the
engineer corps whose duty was to make trenches or saps.
Sarter: A tailor.
Sawbones: A physician.
Sawyer: One who cuts timber into logs or boards; a
carpenter.
Sayer: A poet.
Say weaver: A weaver of say, a cloth of fine texture
resembling serge.
Schrimpschonger: One who carves bone, ivory, etc., into
pieces of art.
Scout: A spy; An Oxford University servant or waiter.
Scribe: An official clerk or transcriber.
Scrimer: A fencing master.
Scrivener: A professional or public copyist or writer;
notary public.
Scrutiner: An election judge.
Sealer: A person who inspects, tests, and certifies
weights and measures.
Seeds man: One who deals in seeds; a sower.
Sempster: A seamstress.
Sewing clerk: A district collector of sewing done by
glove makers who worked in the home.
Sewster: A seamstress.
Shanty-man: A lumberman.
Sharecropper: A person who would farm ground owned by
another, and divides the crops or the profits with the
owner.
Shearman: One who shears cloth, metal, etc.
Sheep man: A person whose business is raising sheep; a
sheepherder.
Shepster: A female pattern cutter; a dressmaker.
Ship husband: One employed by the owners of a ship to
oversee repairs, etc., while the ship is in harbor.
Ship master: The owner or commander of a ship.
Shipwright: A person who constructs or repairs ships.
Shoe-finder: A person who sells shoemaker’s tools and
appliances.
Shoe-wiper: A servant whose duty it was to clean shoes.
Shop walker: A floorwalker in a department store; an
assistant exercising general supervision over a
department of a ship.
Shores man: A person who makes his living on the shore
in the fishery business; a shore gunner.
Shoulder-clapper: A bailiff.
Shrieve: A sheriff.
Silk throwster: A person who winds, twists, spins, or
throws silk fibers in preparation for weaving.
Sin eater: A person who was hired at funerals to take
the sins of the deceased upon oneself.
Skinker: A tapster; one who draws ale.
Skinner: One who deals in animal skins; a mule driver.
Skip kennel: A lackey; a footboy or footman.
Slater: A roofer; one who slates roofs.
Slop seller: A seller of cheap ready-made garments.
Smelter: One who worked in a smelter melting down ores;
a fisherman who fishes for smelts.
Smiddy: A smithy
Smith: One who makes or repairs metal items.
Snobber: A shoemaker or cobbler.
Snob scat: One who repaired shoes.
Snow warden: A person whose duty was to make sure the
snow was evenly dispersed on the streets so the sleigh
runners could move easily.
Soap boiler: A soap-maker.
Sorter: A tailor.
Souter: A shoemaker; a cobbler.
Spallier: A tin works laborer.
Speculator: One who bought and sold land.
Sperviter: A keeper of sparrow hawks.
Spicer: A grocer; one who deals in spices.
Spinner: One who spins yarn.
Spinster: A woman who spins or and unmarried woman.
Spotter: A detective hired to look for dishonest
employees.
Spurrier: A maker of spurs.
Squire: Country gentleman, farm owner, Justice of the
Peace.
Stallman: One who keeps a stall at a market or fair; a
man who works a stall he contracted for in a coal mine.
Stamp man: A person who works with an ore-crushing stamp
mill.
Standard keeper: A public official who kept the standard
set of weights and measures by which all other weights
and measures were compared and must conform to.
Stapler: A dealer in various goods.
Stationer: A bookseller; one who sells paper, quills,
ink stands, pencils, and other writing items.
Steersman: The helmsman of a ship.
Stevedore: A workman employed either as overseer or
laborer in loading and unloading the cargos of merchant
vessels.
Steward: A person entrusted with the care and management
of another’s estate or household.
Stitcher: One who sews, decorates with stitching, etc.
Stockinger: One who knits, weaves, or deals in
stockings.
Stoker: One who feeds or tends a furnace or fire, such
as one employed to tend the fires on a steam engine.
Stone cutter: One who cuts and dresses stones.
Stoner: A person who cuts stones.
Street cleaner: A street sweeper; a mudlark.
Stuff gownsman: Junior barrister.
Suit broker: A marriage broker; one who made a business
of obtaining the suits of petitioners at court.
Sumpter: A porter.
Surgeon: A person who served as a barber, as well as one
who practiced medicine.
Susceptor: An undertaker.
Sutler: A person who followed an army camp peddling
provisions and supplies.
Swailer: A miller or dealer in corn.
Swain: A herdsman; a servant.
Swamper: A laborer who clears roads in a swamp or
forest; a person who does odd jobs in a saloon.
Sword cutler: One who makes and mounts swords.
Sword player: A fencer; a gladiator.
Tallow chandler: A person who makes and sells tallow
candles.
Tankard bearer: A person employed in drawing and
carrying water from public pumps and conduits.
Tanner: One who tans (cures) or converts hides into
leather.
Tapiser: One who makes tapestry; an upholsterer.
Tapley: One who puts the tap in an ale cask.
Tapper: A tavern-keeper.
Tapster: A barmaid or bartender.
Tasker: A reaper.
Tawer: One who makes white leather.
Teamster: One who drives a team for hauling cargo.
Tenant farmer: A renter or one who is allowed to farm a
particular piece of land in trade for services given; a
farmer who did not own the land he worked.
Tenter: One who looks after machinery in a factory, such
as a loom tenter.
Thacker: A thatcher.
Thatcher: A roofer.
Throwster: One who throws (winds or twists) silk into
thread.
Tide waiter: A customs inspector.
Tiller: A farmer; a cultivator.
Tillman: A farmer; a ploughman.
Tinker: An itinerant repairman who sold and mended pots
and pans; jack-of-all trades.
Tinter: An artist skilled in tinting.
Tipstaff: A policeman.
Toller: A tax collector.
Top man: A sailor who serves in the top mast station;
the man who stands at the topmost point when sawing
lumber.
Top sawyer: The man who took the upper stand in a saw
pit.
Tops man: The foreman or head cattle drover.
Trampler: An attorney.
Tranter: A peddler with a horse and cart.
Traunter: A peddler.
Trencherman: A cook.
Trimmer: One who trims a ship by redistributing the
cargo.
Truchman: An interpreter.
Tucker: A cleaner of cloth goods.
Turner: A person who turns wood on a lathe.
Usurer: A money-lender, sometimes one who charged an
especially high rate of interest.
Verser: A poet; a versifier.
Victualer: A grocer; a tavern keeper; one who provides
an army, navy, or ship with food.
Vintager: One who gathers grapes; a winemaker.
Vintner: A wine merchant.
Vulcan: A blacksmith.
Waferer: One who made and sold wafers or thin unleavened
cakes.
Wagoner: A driver of a wagon; a carter; a teamster not
for hire.
Wainwright: One who built or repaired wagons.
Waiter: A customs officer or tide waiter; one who waited
on the tide to collect duty on goods brought in.
Walker: A cloth-worker.
Wanter: A mole-catcher.
Washman: A person who applies the wash (or coating) of
tin when making tinplate.
Watchman: One whose job it was to guard the streets at
night.
Water leader: A person who carts water for sale.
Waterman: A boatman who plies for hire.
Webber: A weaver.
Webster: A weaver; an operator of looms.
Whacker: One who drives a team of oxen, horse, etc.
Wharfinger: The person who owned or managed a wharf.
Wheelwright: A person who repairs and makes wheels and
wheeled vehicles.
Whiparse: A schoolmaster.
Whitear: A cleaner of hides.
White smith: A tinsmith; a maker of utensils in tin,
especially dairy utensils; a worker of iron who finishes
or polishes the work.
White tawer: A saddler; a harness-maker.
Whitewing: A street sweeper.
Whitster: A bleacher of cloth.
Whittawer: A saddler.
Window peeper: The local tax assessor.
Wissere: A teacher; a director.
Wright: A workman, especially a construction worker; a
constructor (wheelwright, shipwright, etc.).
Yardman: One who works in the yard, especially a
railroad yard.
Yeoman: A farmer who owns his own land. |
